Discuss the three major underlying assumptions regarding abnormal child behavior
What will be an ideal response?
Our first underlying assumption is that abnormal child behavior is multiply determined. Thus, we have to look beyond the child's current symptoms and consider developmental pathways and interacting events that, over time, contribute to the expression of a particular disorder. Our second assumption extends the influence of multiple causes by stressing how the child and environment are interdependent—how they influence each other. This concept departs from the tradition of viewing the environment as acting on the child to cause changes in development, and instead argues that children also influence their own environment. In simple terms, the concept of interdependence appreciates how nature and nurture work together and are, in fact, interconnected. Few psychological disorders or impairments suddenly emerge without at least some warning signs or connections to earlier developmental issues. This connection is apparent, for example, in early-onset and persistent conduct disorders, with which parents and other adults often see troublesome behaviors at a young age that continue in some form into adolescence and adulthood.
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Experience-dependent synaptogenesis refers to synapses that are formed as a result of
a. evolution and experience. b. unique experiences of an individual. c. experiences that all members of a species can expect to have. d. experiences that do not remain in an individual's memory.
What do some researchers consider to be the cause of the recent weight gain among the Chinese?
eating several vegetables together with small bites of meat eating lots of fiber, fish, and heart-healthy olive oil eating home-made wheat bread their new taste for American food
The main reason that it is so important to identify children with developmental disorders as early as possible is that
A. medications are most effective when administered at an early stage of the disorder. B. skill deficits can be identified and addressed before they impact later development. C. family functioning often declines as the developmental disorder progresses. D. children are more receptive to therapy when they are young.
According to Freudian theory, which of the following is not an aspect of development during the middle childhood years?
a. development of intellectual skills c. development of culturally valued skills b. development of social skills d. development of the Oedipus complex