Define and provide an example of discrimination
What will be an ideal response?
Discrimination occurs when individuals learn to notice the unique aspects of seemingly similar situations or stimuli. It is facilitated when inappropriate generalizations to similar stimuli are not reinforced. The individual then learns to notice the unique aspects of the seemingly similar stimuli and to respond accordingly.
For example, young children must learn to discriminate among the letters p, d, b, and g. Although the letters have similar sounds, they are distinct letters in the English alphabet.
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Social learning happens slowly over time
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
Under which of the following situations would planned ignoring be most effective?
a. during one-to-one instruction b. with older or high functioning students c. when the student is not interested in receiving attention from the teacher d. after other punishment procedures have been tried such as overcorrection
When selecting an incompatible or alternative behavior to use in a differential reinforcement
procedure: a. it is better if the behavior is already in the student's repertoire b. the functional intent of the behavior should be analyzed c. the alternative behavior should be one that can be reinforced frequently d. all of the above
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. Debriefing involves soliciting participants’ views of the credibility of the findings and interpretations. 2. To Polkinghorne (1989), validation in phenomenology conveys an understanding of philosophical tenets. 3. For a grounded theory study, Creswell and Poth recommend presenting the theoretical model in a figure or diagram. 4. Lofland (1974) contends that an ethnographic study is located in a conceptual framework. 5. A key criterion for a case study is how well the case is identified.