How did some states achieve continuity while other collapsed by 1000 B.C.E?
What will be an ideal response?
A. Continuity difficult to achieve
1. world's most spectacular empires broke up
2. mysterious catastrophes cut short the histories of many of its most complex cultures
3. food distribution centers controlled from palace labyrinths shut down
4. trade was disrupted
5. settlements and monuments were abandoned
6. Harappan, Cretan and Mycenean civilizations vanished and Hatti was obliterated
B. Some civilizations were able to achieve a cense of continuity
1. Mesopotamia
a. Akkadian armies spread their own language along the length of the Tigris and Euphrates
b. memory was preserved chiefly in the titles that invaders from uplands and deserts used to dignify the rule of their own kings
2. China
a. new ruling elite of conquerors
b. aspects of the civilization survived, although its center of gravity was shunted upriver
c. everyday life remained essentially intact
3. New World
a. Mesoamerica and the Andean regions undertook environmentally ambitious initiatives
b. only a few of these civilizations had staying power
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