Why would an experimenter use a pretest-posttest design rather than a between groups design to test the benefits of a new therapy even though s/he knew that maturation effects could cause difficulties of interpretation? The reason is that _____
a. it would probably take too long to use a between groups design
b. maturation would be even more of a problem in the between groups design
c. the treatment group would probably tell the control group about their treatment
d. ethically, it would not be good to withhold a beneficial therapy from a control group
D
Ethical considerations sometimes supercede design considerations, especially when the research is intended to find a good way to help people.
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For many years, newspapers often mentioned the race of criminal suspects who were NOT white in the article detailing their crimes. This often led people who were not obviously biased or prejudiced to conclude that more non-whites committed crimes than whites. This is one example of __________.
A) the confirmation bias. B) the hindsight bias. C) an illusory correlation. D) the representativeness heuristic.
The false-belief task is used to assess whether a child has developed
a. animism. b. theory of mind. c. conservation. d. hypothetical-deductive reasoning.
An example of a gross motor skill is
a. crawling. c. drawing. b. grasping. d. pinching.
Raymond is interested in evaluating current attitudes toward presidential candidates for the upcoming election. Which of the following would be the most appropriate method for conducting his study?
A. A large-scale, one-time survey among registered voters between 20-60 years old B. A large-scale, annual survey among registered voters 20-30 years old and 50-60 years old C. One-time, individual interviews and questionnaires conducted among registered voters between 20-60 years old D. Annual, individual interviews and questionnaires conducted 20-30 years old and 50-60 years old