A client has severe atherosclerosis and hypertension. Which statement about cardiac output will be true?
1. Afterload will be low.
2. Cardiac output will be unaffected.
3. Cardiac output will be low.
4. Preload will be high.
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: Afterload likely will be high. Severe atherosclerosis narrows the lumen of the artery, which increases the resistance against the left ventricle.
Rationale 2: Cardiac output likely will be affected due to high afterload.
Rationale 3: Cardiac output likely will be low in the face of elevated afterload.
Rationale 4: Preload is determined mainly by venous return, and should be unaffected.
Global Rationale: Cardiac output likely will be low in the face of elevated afterload. Afterload likely will be high. Severe atherosclerosis narrows the lumen of the artery, which increases the resistance against the left ventricle. Cardiac output likely will be affected due to high afterload. Preload is determined mainly by venous return, and should be unaffected.
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