Shortly after fertilization, successive cell divisions convert the zygote into a multicellular embryo
during a process known as
a. meiosis.
b. parthenogenesis.
c. embryonic induction.
d. cleavage.
e. invagination.
D
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A scientist studying evolution of peppered moths (Biston betularia) in Michigan observed that the percentage of melanic moths increased by around 2% from 1960-1961. Has evolution occurred in this population?
A. No, because melanism wasn't adaptive at that time. B. No, because the frequency of the melanic moths did not change enough to be considered evolution. C. Yes, because the frequency of the melanic moths in the population changed over time. D. Yes, because the frequency of melanic moths decreased.
Does this experiment support the conclusion that prairie dogs are a keystone species?
a. Yes, because once they recovered other populations declined. b. Yes, because they tracked the recovery of grasses and forbs. c. Yes, because once prairie dogs recovered other population levels tracked their recovery. d. No, the experiment refutes the conclusion that prairie dogs are a keystone species.
Imagine that you are managing a large ranch. You know from historical accounts that wild sheep used to live there, but they have been extirpated. You decide to reintroduce them. After doing some research to determine what might be an appropriately sized founding population, you do so. You then watch the population increase for several generations, and graph the number of individuals (vertical axis) against the number of generations (horizontal axis). The graph will appear as
A) a diagonal line, getting higher with each generation. B) an ?S,? increasing with each generation. C) an upside-down ?U.? D) a ?J,? increasing with each generation. E) an ?S? that ends with a vertical line.
Which statement about ecosystems is false?
A) Bacteria and fungi recycle energy within an ecosystem. B) Plants and other photosynthetic organisms are producers in ecosystems. C) Chemical nutrients cycle within an ecosystem. D) In the process of energy conversions within an ecosystem, some energy is converted to heat.