A child watches her older brother throw a ball and imitates his throwing motion. Later her father praises her for an improved throw. These are examples of ___________ and _________________, respectively
a. observational learning; positive reinforcement
b. negative reinforcement; positive reinforcement
c. operant conditioning; classical conditioning
d. positive reinforcement; classically conditioned response
Answer: A
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Regarding attributions, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. The actor-observer effect is strong across a wide variety of situations. b. The tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal causes, while attributing our own behavior to situational demands is explained by the actor-observer effect c. Attributions are influenced by cognitive biases like the fundamental attribution error, the actor-observer effect, and the self-serving bias. d. The self-serving bias is widespread in Western cultures. e. In the fundamental attribution error, people overemphasize internal causes when explaining others' behavior.
When the fMRI technique is used in studying language comprehension,
a. both the left and the right hemisphere are active, though their functions are somewhat different. b. people's responses occur so quickly that the fMRI is not especially useful. c. the results reveal that people who have experienced strokes show remarkably normal patterns of brain activity. d. the results reinforce the conclusion that language tasks are handled exclusively by the left hemisphere.
Caitlin works in the psychology department's rat lab. In her studies, she found that many of her lab rats would develop a conditioned taste aversion to certain foods after as little as one trial
Caitlin's psychology professor refers to this as a classic example of a. biological preparedness. b. psychological preparedness. c. instinctive drift. d. stimulus substitution.
Globally speaking, __________ throughout the world experience some form of violent victimization during their lives
a) 1 in 2 men b) 1 in 3 women c) 1 in 5 men d) 1 in 10 women