A client asks the nurse what the most commonly used OTC antitussive is. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
1. "Dextromethorphan"
2. "Guaifenesin (Mucinex)"
3. "Benzonatate (Tessalon)"
4. "Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)"
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale 1: The most frequently used OTC antitussive is dextromethorphan, which is included in most severe cold and flu preparations. Dextromethorphan is chemically similar to the opioids, and also acts on the CNS to raise the cough threshold. Although it does not have the abuse potential of opioids, in large amounts, dextromethorphan can cause slurred speech, dizziness, drowsiness, euphoria, and lack of motor coordination.
Rationale 2: Guaifenesin (Mucinex) is incorrect because this medication is an expectorant.
Rationale 3: Benzonatate (Tessalon) is incorrect because this medication is not available OTC.
Rationale 4: Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) is incorrect because this medication is a mucolytic.
Global Rationale: The most frequently used OTC antitussive is dextromethorphan, which is included in most severe cold and flu preparations. Dextromethorphan is chemically similar to the opioids, and also acts on the CNS to raise the cough threshold. Although it does not have the abuse potential of opioids, in large amounts, dextromethorphan can cause slurred speech, dizziness, drowsiness, euphoria, and lack of motor coordination. Guaifenesin (Mucinex) is incorrect because this medication is an expectorant. Benzonatate (Tessalon) is incorrect because this medication is not available OTC. Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) is incorrect because this medication is a mucolytic.
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