A female patient reports that she is experiencing burning on urination, frequency, and urgency. The nurse notes that a clean-voided urine specimen is markedly cloudy. The probable cause of these symptoms and findings is:
A. Cystitis.
B. Hematuria.
C. Pyelonephritis.
D. Dysuria.
Ans: A. Cystitis.
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What is a desired outcome when a drug is described as easy to administer?
a. It can be stored indefinitely without need for refrigeration. b. It does not interact significantly with other medications. c. It enhances patient adherence to the drug regimen. d. It is usually relatively inexpensive to pro-duce.
A patient taking valganciclovir (Valcyte) for cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis reports, "I'm having difficulty taking the tablets. Can I cut them in half?"
The nurse should inform the patient that the medication may not be cut in half because a. the potential exists for mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. b. the effectiveness of the pill could be lost. c. when the coating is destroyed, a bolus of medication is released. d. the first-pass effect in the liver is increased.
Which should the nurse recognize as the primary factor for nonadherence to the prescribed treatment for clients with AIDS?
A. The necessity of having to take multiple medications throughout the day B. A lack of understanding of the reason for taking the medications C. The weight gain associated with the medications D. The difficulty with availability of medications to treat AIDS
Select the reason why increased dietary fiber is a major component in the management of constipation.
A. Fiber affects the fluid and electrolyte supplements in the stomach and inhibits the sympathetic nervous system, resulting in an increase in the frequency of defecation. B. Fiber increases stool bulk and fluid content and decreases transit time, resulting in an increase in the frequency of defecation. C. Fiber decreases the number of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, decreases the fluid content, and decreases transit time, resulting in a decrease in the frequency of defecation. D. None of these are correct.