Amy, a high school junior, has been having horrible arguments with her little sister, mother, and stepfather for the last year. She has also missed so much school without her parents' knowledge that she will have to go to summer school. They also suspect she has been experimenting with drugs and is sexually active. Amy is seeing a counselor, who has requested that Amy's mother, sister,
stepfather, and biological father attend counseling sessions. This counselor most likely believes all of the following EXCEPT that
a. Amy's problems are the whole family's problems.
b. the family members need to change destructive patterns.
c. the family members will need to improve communication with each other.
d. the counseling sessions will provide a calming atmosphere in which family members can state their beliefs regarding who or what is to blame for Amy's problems.
D
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Preterm babies
a. tend to be held more by their mothers. b. are less likely to be abused later in childhood. c. tend to be more aggressive and sociable than full-term infants. d. may invoke feelings of failure, guilt, and low self-esteem in their mothers.
Manuel suffers from REM behavior disorder. Because of the disorder, he:
A. acts out his dreams because his voluntary muscles are not paralyzed B. experiences an increased percentage of time spent in REM C. has an excess of Stage 2 sleep D. has a paralysis of his legs during REM
Negative reinforcement and punishment
a. have opposite effects on behavior. b. are different terms for the same procedure. c. have the same effect on behavior. d. are not very effective in changing behavior.
Jonas Salk developed the first polio vaccine. When he accepted the Nobel Prize, he said, "The greatest reward for serving others is the opportunity to do further service.". Salk's statement suggests that his efforts were motivated by
a. fame gained from research. b. the power to control production of a valuable substance. c. curiosity to answer scientific questions. d. altruism.