Enterotoxins are
A. proteins.
B. exotoxins.
C. virulence factors.
D. toxins that target the intestines.
E. All of these choices are correct.
Answer: E
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Second messengers:
A. are small intracellular molecules that participate in signal transduction. B. play a role in activation of intracellular signal transduction. C. are removed in order to terminate a cellular signaling response. D. amplify the effects of the signal. E. All of these choices are correct.
Which opportunist is the most frequent cause of life-threatening pneumonia in AIDS patients?
A. Pneumocystis (carinii) jiroveci B. Candida albicans C. Malassezia furfur D. Cryptococcus neoformans
What would you predict about the presence of Hox genes in the last common ancestor of vertebrates and invertebrates? (Select all that apply)
A. The genes specified anterior-posterior development. B. If mutated, there would be an extra pair of wings and legs growing from the head. C. The genes contained a MADS-box. D. That ancient ancestor was too primitive to have Hox genes. E. The genes were in four clusters. F. The genes were in anterior-posterior order on the chromosome. G. The genes contained homeoboxes.
What did Darwin famously refer to as an "abominable mystery"?
a. the associations between specific types of flowers and specific animal pollinators b. the alternation of generations in plants c. the sudden appearance and immediate diversification of flowering plants in the fossil record d. the development of vascular plants