A researcher places dogs in a cage with metal bars on the floor
The dogs are randomly given electric shocks and can do nothing to prevent them or stop them. Later, the same dogs are placed in a cage where they can escape the shocks by jumping over a low hurdle. When the shocks are given, the dogs do not even try to escape. They just sit and cower. This is an example of ____________.
a) learned helplessness
b) avoidance learning
c) aversive conditioning
d) vicarious learning
ANS: A, Because the dogs did not try to escape even when they could, it is as if they learned to be helpless.
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In virtually all societies, the task of child-rearing falls to
a. families. c. mothers and fathers only. b. mothers only. d. parents and grandparents only.
When Jim started attending an Alcoholics Anonymous chapter meeting, he found that the members shared similar stories about their experiences with alcohol and recovery. He began to realize that their story also fit his experiences. This illustrates what distinctive feature of mutual help?
a. helper therapy principle b. experiential knowledge c. a community narrative d. a focal concern
A marriage custom that involves one woman having multiple husbands is called
(a) polyandry (b) polygyny (c) matriarchy (d) alpha dominance
in both humans and the sheep brain, the cerebellum is the most prominent structure.
a. true b. false