Christina now lives in an upscale neighborhood and is in a committed stable relationship. She is a different person and has no interest in crime. Which major theory of criminality would best explain this change?
a. Psychological
b. Social contract
c. Social process
d. Social structure
d
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The U.S. Constitution prohibits the enactment of ________________ laws which makes acts committed before the laws in question were passed punishable as crimes
a. Stare decisis b. Corpus delicti c. Ex post facto d. Mens Rea
All packaged evidence material must be _____ with evidence tape
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Since the effectiveness of supervision is questioned and under-researched, more attention has been given to what program?
A. Drug Courts B. Boot Camps C. Intensive Supervision D. Residential Treatment E. All of the above
Is opening the front door to get identification information about the driver the same as reaching into a car for the limited purpose of viewing the VIN, as held in New York v. Class (1986)?
Sergeant Castleberry alone on patrol at 11:45 P.M., came upon a sedan and a truck stopped in a pullout in a desolate and frequent crime area, next to each other with their engines running. He approached the sedan's driver's side window. A fifteen-year-old female occupied the driver's seat. She said the car's owner was in the back seat. Through fogged-up windows, the Sergeant saw two people in the back seat. He opened the rear driver's side door. The car's owner and driver, Angie Brake, identified herself. The Sergeant told Brake that he was concerned for the well-being of a young girl far away from home late at night in a high-crime area. Castleberry asked Brake for identification. She replied that her identification was in her purse in the front seat of the car. Brake offered to retrieve it. Sergeant Castleberry instructed Brake not to, and instead, he walked around the rear of the vehicle and opened the front passenger side door. While reaching for a purse on the front passenger seat, he noticed a small white bindle resting on the front seat next to the purse that contained cocaine. To that point Sergeant Castleberry paid no attention to the truck. He then investigated the occupants of the truck and ultimately arrested Brake. % Did Sgt. Castleberry violate Brake's Fourth Amendment rights by opening the front car door without consent? What will be an ideal response?