A patient with an autoimmune disorder asks, "What might cause my body to do this to itself?" What should the nurse state as reasons for the body to have lost the ability to recognize self? (Select all that apply.)
a. Drugs
b. Hormones
c. Vaccinations
d. Viral infections
e. Bacterial infections
ANS: A, B, D
A number of factors either cause or influence this breakdown of self-recognition, including viral infections, drugs, and cross-reactive antibodies. Hormones have also been found to influence this breakdown of self-recognition. C. E. Vaccinations and bacterial infections have not been identified as contributing to the development of an autoimmune disorder.
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A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving intermittent gravity feedings through a gastrostomy tube. The patient experiences abdominal discomfort. Which action is best for the nurse to take?
a. Cool the formula. b. Readjust the tube. c. Decrease the administration rate. d. Increase the concentration of the formula.
Who led reform efforts to correct types of inhumane practices in the care of criminals, those with mental disorders, and victims of the Civil War?
a. Dorothea Dix b. Philippe Pinel c. Benjamin Rush d. Clifford Beers
A nurse is unhappy about the way medications are being administered on the unit. What does the nurse need to do first to facilitate a change in the process?
a. Initiate a new method starting with as-signed patients. b. Discuss concerns with fellow nurses. c. Develop a better method to administer the medications. d. Inform the charge nurse of how it can be done better.
The nurse asked the family about its financial resources and the demands on these resources. This is an example of
1. Biological risks 2. Economic risks 3. Lifestyle risks 4. Social risks