The nurse is caring for a patient with hypertension who is receiving verapamil [Calan]. The patient has a healthy heart. What pharmacodynamic effects does the nurse expect from this drug? (Select all that apply.)
A. Peripheral vasoconstriction
B. Peripheral vasodilation
C. Coronary vasodilation
D. Increased heart rate
E. Increased force of contraction
Answer:
B. Peripheral vasodilation
C. Coronary vasodilation
Explanation: Verapamil causes peripheral vasodilation and coronary vasodilation, which lead to decreased blood pressure and improved coronary perfusion. It does not cause vasoconstriction and usually has little effect on the heart rate or contractility in healthy hearts.
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