A 70-year-old male nursing home resident developed a dermal pressure ulcer. This condition is most often caused by (select all that apply):
a. Shearing forces
b. Friction
c. Moisture
d. Unrelieved pressure
e. High-carbohydrate diet
ANS: A, B, C, D
Pressure ulcers are ischemic ulcers resulting from unrelieved pressure, shearing forces, friction, and moisture. A high-carbohydrate diet is not a factor in development of pressure ulcers.
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