A monatomic ideal gas undergoes an isothermal expansion at 300 K, as the volume increased from 0.020 m3 to 0.040 m3. The final pressure is 120 kPa. The ideal gas constant is R = 8.314 J/mol ? K. The heat transfer to the gas is closest to
A) 3.3 kJ.
B) 1.7 kJ.
C) -3.3 kJ.
D) -1.7 kJ.
E) 0.00 kJ.
A
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A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5 E. 0
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A spherical shell satellite (3-m-OD, 1.25-cm-thick stainless steel walls) re-enters the atmosphere from outer space. If its original temperature is 38°C, the effective average temperature of the atmosphere is 1093°C, and the effective heat transfer coefficient is 115 W/(m2 °C), estimate the temperature of the shell after reentry, assuming the time of reentry is 10 min and the interior of the shell is evacuated.
GIVEN
• A spherical stainless steel satellite reentering the atmosphere
• Outside diameter (D) = 3 m
• Wall thickness (L) = 1.25 cm = 0.0125 m
• Its original temperature (To) = 38°C
• The effective temperature of the atmosphere (T?) = 1093°C
• The effective heat transfer coefficient ch = 115 W/(m2 °C)
• The time of reentry (tr) = 10 min = 600 s
• The interior of the shell is evacuated
FIND
• The temperature of the shell after reentry (Tf)
ASSUMPTIONS
• Exterior heat transfer is uniform over the shell
• Assume radiation heat transfer is allowed for in the heat transfer coefficient
SKETCH
