Define and give examples of instrumental and expressive traits. How do they fit with gender stereotypes?
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer will include the following key points:
- Instrumental traits describe individuals who act on the world and influence it. Examples of instrumental traits are: independent, aggressive, not excitable, skilled in business, mechanical aptitude, outspoken, acts as a leader, self-confident, ambitious, not easily influenced, and dominant.
- Expressive traits describe individuals who value emotional functioning and interpersonal relationships. They include: emotional, home-oriented, kind, cries easily, creative, considerate, devotes self to others, needs approval, gentle, aware of others' feelings, and excitable.
- In the United States, instrumental traits fit the male gender stereotype and expressive traits fit the female gender stereotype.
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A. depression. B. substance abuse. C. bulimia. D. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
Which event represents a quantum change in personality?
A. Ronald, who wants to lose weight, commits to a diet plan and sticks to it. B. Vernon, unhappy in his job, decides to enroll in continuing education courses. C. Emily, a lifelong drug abuser, finally decides to get sober at age 52. D. Zelda, who is an undeclared major, takes courses in sociology to explore her interests.
Constanza conducts some research in which she has participants list the traits they would find desirable in a mate. She ends up with a list of over 75 items and wants to find out if those 75 items can be clustered into groups
What statistical technique should Constanza use? A) factor analysis B) structural equation modeling C) analysis of variance D) correlation
A participant comes to your laboratory and asks you if he or she is going to get shocked. This participant has a(n) ________ attitude.
A. suspicious B. apprehensive C. cooperative D. negative