After September 11, 2001, Congress passed legislation authorizing the creation of which agency?
A. Customs and Border Protection
B. Drug Enforcement Administration
C. Department of Homeland Security
D. Office of Homeland Security and Emergency Management
Answer: C
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Did Officer Tarter violate Gregory's due process right against suggestive show-ups so as to result in the officer's civil liability?
Gregory was convicted of two rapes that occurred in 1992. After spending seven years in prison, he was exonerated after DNA testing proved that he was not the donor of the biological evidence. In one case Officer Tarter visited Ms. S (a victim) with a photopak that included Gregory's picture and five others, but only Gregory's had a recent date on it. Ms. S was unable to make any identification from the photopak. Thereafter, Tarter and Greer asked Gregory to come in for a line-up in the presence of Ms. S. By the time Plaintiff and his attorney arrived at the station, Tarter had taken no affirmative steps, beyond securing the presence of Ms. S, to effectuate a line-up. Line-ups take at least an hour to arrange and can take days if the suspect has unique characteristics. Tarter never informed Gregory or his lawyer, or police supervisors or the prosecutor that Ms. S had failed to pick Gregory's picture out of a photopak, or that Ms. S's description of her assailant was inconsistent with Plaintiff's physical appearance. After Gregory arrived at the station anticipating a line-up, Tarter instead him to agree to a oneon-one show-up with Ms. S. Gregory agreed and signed a preprinted "waiver" form consenting to the show-up. Ms S. identified Gregory at the one-on-one show-up, and he was arrested immediately following the identification. A civil suit against a police officer overcomes a police officer's qualified immunity against the lawsuit if the officer's actions violated "clearly established law." What will be an ideal response?
What is the reason many states discontinued boot camp programs?
A. The programs were excessively expensive to operate. B. The programs actually increased recidivism rates. C. The programs resulted in many offenders becoming more violent. D. The programs had difficulty recruiting credentialed staff.
The organizational structure of the Diamonds, the Puerto Rican street gang in Chicago studied by Felix Padilla, did NOT include:
a. drug dealers. b. mainheads. c. enforcers. d. thieves.
The incarceration of so many women with a history of drug abuse and prostitution puts them at a high risk for:
a. HIV and AIDS. b. re-offending. c. life-sentences. d. none of these choices.