Which of the following instructions should be given to a patient in preparation for incentive spirometry with a volume-type device?
A. "exhale to expiratory reserve volume"
B. "inhale as deeply as possible"
C. "breathe in to total lung capacity"
D. "breathe in complete inspiratory capacity"
Ans: B. "inhale as deeply as possible"
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When caring for a patient who has sustained a head injury, it is important to:
A. maintain manual stabilization of the head and neck. B. open the airway using the head-tilt/chin-lift method if the patient is responsive. C. control bleeding with as much pressure as you can apply. D. have the patient sit up, hands on knees, leaning slightly forward.
A 72-year-old male patient (height 6'2", weight 95 kg) with a history of congestive heart failure (CHF) presents to the emergency department complaining of shortness of breath and inability to lie down to sleep
Physical assessment reveals a very anxious patient with a pulse of 140, respirations 32, and la-bored with diaphoresis. Breath sounds are decreased with bibasilar coarse crackles. The patient has a productive cough of pink frothy secretions. The patient is placed on a nonrebreather mask and the resulting arterial blood gases (ABG) show: pH 7.25, partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) 55 mm Hg, partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) 54 mm Hg, oxygen saturation (SaO2) 86%, bicarbonate (HCO3?) 24 mEq/L. The most appropriate immediate action to take includes which of the following? a. Face mask continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) 10 cm H2O b. Intubate, volume-controlled continuous mandatory ventilation (VC-CMV), respir-atory frequency (f) 20, tidal volume (VT) 810 mL, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) 8 cm H2O, fractional inspired ox-ygen (FIO2) 1.0 c. Intubate, volume-controlled intermittent mandatory ventilation (VC-IMV), f 6, VT 425 mL, PEEP 10 cm H2O, FIO2 0.80 d. Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) with bilevel positive airway pres-sure (bilevel PAP), inspiratory positive airway pressure (IPAP) 15 cm H2O, expir-atory positive airway pressure (EPAP) 5 cm H2O, FIO2 0.60
Thickness skin graft (FTSG) is composed of the epidermis and ____________
A. a portion of the papillary dermis B. dermis
Aspiration of fetal tissue by catheter or needle in order to diagnose chromosomal abnormalities:
A) amniocentesis. B) cerclage. C) chorionic villus sampling. D) vesicocentesis.