What factors contribute to the gender pay gap?
Please provide the best answer for the statement
1. The pay gap is the difference between men’s and women’s median earnings, and men still
make more than women, even when they have the same qualifications or hold the same
position.
2. Occupational segregation: Women and men tend to work in different fields, a phenomenon
influenced by socialization and gender bias in education. Traditionally male fields tend to
pay more than traditionally female fields.
3. Choice: It is true that men and women do choose where they work, up to a certain degree.
But choice is challenged by sociologists because it ignores socialization and how certain
jobs are socially constructed.
4. Unconscious gender bias: People hold unconscious gender biases about what behavior is
appropriate for men and women, and this extends to jobs. This works to steer women
towards certain jobs that are “feminized.”
5. Pay change based on gender composition: When women enter fields in greater numbers,
pay declines for the same jobs that men were doing before.
6. Parenting: Because of structural forces that continue to define women as the primary
caretakers of children, women are more likely to take time away from work to parent,
which hurts their earnings.
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Since 1975, approximately how many years does it take for the world population to increase by 1 billion people?
A) 6 B) 12 C) 24 D) 48
Organization given the status of a separate and real social entity under the law:
A) bureaucracy B) formal organization C) corporation D) manor
The text suggests that the research done in most of the "think tanks" such as the Brookings Institute or the Urban Institute would fall into the category of
A) political action committees. B) research to establish family policy. C) family evaluation research. D) family impact analysis.
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
1. Emile Durkheim’s research on the underlying causes of suicide used analyses of existing data. 2. Quantitative research includes the collection of nonnumeric information that describe people, actions, or events in social life. 3. According to the sociological perspective, individuals are free to create whatever version of social reality they choose. 4. The problem of reactivity can threaten the credibility of sociological research. 5. Visual sociology involves studying society through photographs, video recordings, and film.