Under siege by the_______________, the old Eastern Roman Empire had retreated to Anatolia and parts of the Balkans.
a. Berbers
b. Nasrids and Almohads
c. Almoravids
d. Umayyads and Abbasids
d. Umayyads and Abbasids
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The annual magistrates responsible for Sparta's foreign policy were called __________.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
The American attrition strategy
A. permitted General Westmoreland to put the enemy on the defensive and thereby allowed him to shift forces to the key task of pacification. B. quickly turned the tide and gave the United States the strategic advantage. C. proved able to achieve no more than a stalemate. D. rapidly decimated the critical NLF political infrastructure. E. was so destructive that North Vietnam proved unable to replace its losses.
With an aroused concern over the emergence of Japanese imperialist power in 1894, the European powers forced the Japanese to
a. assume responsibility for the Philippine islands. b. give up the Shandong Peninsula to Russia. c. give up Canton and also Macao. d. give up their land in eastern Siberia. e. return the Liaodong Peninsula to China.
By the early 1900s, virtually the only supporters of Porfirio Díaz were:
a. Working-class miners and factory laborers, who were opposed to socialism. b. Urban middle-class professionals, who endorsed his adoption of American business practices. c. Village peasants and campesinos, who appreciated his Catholic piety. d. Technocrat administrators, the científicos, who were aging themselves.