Explain why larger genomes contain more genes devoted to regulation than smaller genomes and why these genes increase the competitiveness of organisms
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: Answers will vary, but one explanation is an increase in regulatory networks of larger genome-containing organisms provides a much greater opportunity for the cell to be dynamic in response to environmental stimuli. For example, this can be advantageous for cells to invoke certain pathways when particular carbon substrates become available. In this way, a cell can more finely tune its metabolic activities to minimize energy consumption and maximize energy acquisition.
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Why is it that the tongue and cheek epithelium doesn't provide a sufficient anaerobic environment for plaque anaerobes to grow, but the surface of teeth might?
A. The epithelium is supplied with oxygen by capillary beds. This makes it a relatively aerobic environment and hostile to anaerobes. B. The tooth enamel is supplied with oxygen by capillary beds. This makes it a relatively anaerobic environment and hostile to aerobes. C. The surface of the tongue and cheek are constantly scraped by the action of consuming food. Layers of bacterial growth that might help to supply an anaerobic environment are scraped away, exposing lower levels to oxygen-rich air. D. The surface of teeth (especially the molars) have many pits and crevices that can serve as 'pockets' for layers of bacteria to grow in. Once the layers get deep enough, the bottom portions are anaerobic. This isn't possible on the very smooth surface of the tongue and cheek epithelium.
Respiratory acidosis results when ____ are produced more rapidly than they are removed
a. oxygen molecules b. carbon dioxide molecules c. chloride ions
d. hydrogen ions e. carbonic anhydrase molecules
The generation time of bacterial cells is shortest during the ________ phase.
A. death B. lag C. log D. stationary E. longitudinal
Scientists estimate that as much as one-fourth of all species will become extinct in the near future, a rate of extinction not seen on Earth since the Cretaceous mass extinction. How are humans contributing to this mass extinction? (Check all that apply.)A) Contributing to climate changeB) Intentionally killing all members of a speciesC) Destroying habitatD) Blocking evolution
What will be an ideal response?