In a research study conducted to determine if arrests were related to the socioeconomic class of the offender, the chi square critical score was 9.488 and the chi square test statistic was 12.2. We can conclude that
a. the variables are independent.
b. being in a certain socioeconomic class causes arrests.
c. the variables are dependent.
d. the probability of getting these results by random chance alone is 0.5.
ANSWER: c
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Sociologists have identified five basic properties—unequal treatment, physical or cultural traits, ascribed status, solidarity, and in-group marriage—to describe
A. minority groups. B. racial groups. C. ethnic groups. D. polarization.
When considering social problems, the order perspective focuses on __________, those who somehow do not conform to the standards of the dominant group.
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