Summarize the current modes of contraception and their effectiveness
What will be an ideal response?
Means of contraception fall into three main methods. (A) Blockage of sperm transport to the ovum includes five techniques: (1) The rhythm method involves avoiding intercourse around the time of ovulation. (2) Coitus interruptus involves withdrawal of the penis from the vagina before ejaculation. (3) Chemical contraceptives destroy the sperm before they reach the secondary oocyte. (4) Physical barriers, such as the condom, diaphragm, and cervical cap prevent movement of sperm into the uterus. (5) Sterilization involves surgery that prevents the movement of sperm in men or in the oviduct. (B) Prevention of ovulation includes oral contraceptives (birth control pills), patches, and implanted contraceptives. All of these alter hormone levels and prevent ovulation. (C) Blockage of implantation involves preventing a developing embryo from implanting in the uterus. These include the intrauterine device (IUD) and "morning-after pills." The most effective contraceptive is implanted contraceptives and the IUD, followed in efficiency by oral contraceptives, barrier methods, chemical contraceptives, coitus interruptus, and the rhythm method.
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The anterior ramus of each spinal nerve sends out communicating rami that connect to
A. the brain. B. a sympathetic trunk ganglion. C. the meninges. D. the vertebrae. E. the skin and muscles of the back.
Which property of water explains its ability to prevent sudden changes in body temperature?
A) cushioning B) chemical reactant C) polarity D) high heat capacity
Which of the following is NOT a component of a negative feedback mechanism?
A. effector B. stabilizer C. control center D. receptor
Most water is reabsorbed from the filtrate in the ________.
A. collecting duct B. ascending loop of Henle C. proximal convoluted tubule D. distal convoluted tubule E. descending loop of Henle