Lack of a criminal history, substantially impaired mental capacity, duress, and consent of the victim are all examples of what?
a. mitigating factors
b. practical considerations
c. first-degree murder
d. aggravating factors
a. mitigating factors
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. Which of the following is not one of the ways that the use of police discretion is regulated?
a. judicial rule-making b. legislative regulation c. internal codes and regulations d. police promotions
Select the scenario(s) that is the best example of the "risk principle" in respect to juvenile offenders according to Chapter 5
A) Johnny who has been arrested three times before receives more intensive and extensive services. B) Kristin is allowed to participate in programs around the prison because she is considered to be non-threatening to other inmates. C) Sara is a first time offender and receives more intensive and extensive services. D) Mike has been in and out of jail for the majority of his teenage years. With age, his criminal activity has been increasing, and the crimes he commits are becoming more severe. E) A and C only
Various court rulings (Ex Parte Crouse included) assumed that the Philadelphia, and presumably other houses of refuge, had a beneficial effect on its residents
The reason such corporal and physical abuses were allowed to continue without court or judicial intervention was: a. Houses of refuge were not regulated by laws. b. Houses of refuge were considered schools and not prisons. c. The courts agreed that physical abuse were supposed to be good for the child. d. No one ever pointed out such abuses to the courts. e. These abuses were NOT allowed. Strict court involvement and regulation resulted innumerous arrest for child abuse.
______________ isomorphism results from professionalism, with influences coming from such organizations as the Police Executive Research Forum
a. Normative b. Coercive c. Refractive d. Mimetic