Describe the notable changes that have altered the modern criminal justice system.
What will be an ideal response?
Notable changes include:Better and more consistent enforcement of criminal laws against assault and battery in which perpetrators of such offenses against intimate partners are treated as having committed serious crimesChanges to sexual assault laws to encompass marital rape and to reduce or even eliminate the requirements of physical resistance (which previously had served to increase victimization)The recognition of legal defenses for victims of intimate-partner violence who fight back under circumstances that limit the applicability of the traditional defense of self-defenseIncreased police professionalism and sensitivity to intimate-partner violence such that nonintervention is no longer viewed as an acceptable responseIncreased availability of civil orders of protection and more consistent enforcement of them after issuanceImprovement of a range of victims' services
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This Act directed the Sentencing Commission to provide sentencing enhancement (add time to a sentence) for those crimes proven beyond a reasonable doubt to be hate crimes.
A. Justice for All Act B. Victims of Crime Act C. Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crime Prevention Act D. Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act
What was the Refuge Period?
What will be an ideal response?
Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)
Force or threat of force must be an evident in order for a sexual victimization to be considered a rape.
One evaluation revealed that gun court defendants were rearrested less often than a similar cohort of offenders who did not participate in gun court
Indicate whether the statement is true or false