The GI tract is regulated by local reflexes known as the:
1. parasympathetic nervous system.
2. sympathetic nervous system.
3. enteric nervous system.
4. central nervous system.
Correct Answer: 3
Rationale 1: The parasympathetic nervous system is a component of the autonomic nervous system and is not exclusive to the gastrointestinal system.
Rationale 2: The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the fight-or-flight reaction.
Rationale 3: The enteric nervous system consists of a vast network of neurons in the submucosa of the alimentary canal that has sensory and motor functions.
Rationale 4: The central nervous system does not generate the local reflexes that regulate the gastrointestinal system.
Global Rationale: The GI tract is regulated by local reflexes called the enteric nervous system (ENS). This system consists of a vast network of neurons in the submucosa of the alimentary canal that has sensory and motor functions. Chemoreceptors and stretch receptors sense the presence and amount of food in the GI tract and respond accordingly by changing motility without sending signals to the ANS. The parasympathetic nervous system is a component of the autonomic nervous system and is not exclusive to the gastrointestinal system. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the fight-or-flight reaction. The central nervous system does not generate the local reflexes that regulate the gastrointestinal system.
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