A healthcare professional is educating a patient about asthma. The professional states that good control is necessary due to which pathophysiologic process?
a. Norepinephrine causes bronchial smooth muscle contraction and mucus secretion but it also causes high blood pressure.
b. Uncontrolled inflammation leads to increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness and eventual scarring.
c. The release of epinephrine leads to development of cardiac dysrhythmias.
d. Immunoglobulin G causes smooth muscle contraction which will eventually weaken the respiratory muscles.
Answer: b. Uncontrolled inflammation leads to increased bronchial hyperresponsiveness and eventual scarring.
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The nurse is performing an examination of the thorax and lungs on a 30-year-old patient. Which of the following examinations does the nurse evaluate to be a normal adult finding?
a. The thorax is barrel shaped. b. The costal margin is greater than 90?. c. The accessory muscles are used during inspiration and expiration. d. The ribs articulate with the sternum at a 45? angle.
During the introductory phase of the helping relationship, there are specific stages. Which of the following apply?
1. Opening the relationship 2. Clarifying the problem 3. Structuring and formulating the contract 4. Planning before the interview
A nurse is discussing treatment options with a client whose life has been negatively impacted by claustrophobia. Which behavioral therapies are most commonly used for phobias? Select all that apply
A) Contracting about avoiding phobic stimuli B) Systematic desensitization C) Imploding (flooding) D) Token economy E) Aversion stimulus
A nurse is caring for an unconscious client who has undergone a tracheostomy. What measure should the nurse take while suctioning this client?
A) Place the client in a semi- or high Fowler's position. B) Insert the suction catheter about an inch into the trachea. C) Avoid applying suction when inserting the suction catheter. D) Suction the tube continuously for at least 30 seconds.