A branch of genetics known as ____________________ studies genetic variations that underlie differences in the
body’s response to drugs, while ____________________ is focused on the development of drugs that are tailored to an
individual’s genetic makeup. Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
pharmacogenetics; pharmacogenomics
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Peptidoglycan forms sheets that stiffen the cell walls of bacteria. How is the formation of sheets possible?
A) The polysaccharides in peptidoglycan are highly branched and form a network. B) The glycosidic linkages between monosaccharides in peptidoglycan are extraordinarily strong. C) Individual strands are joined by peptide bonds, a type of covalent bond. D) The polysaccharides in peptidoglycan form helical structures, as in cellulose.
Intercalating agents, like acridine orange and ethidium bromide, lead to mutagenesis by pushing DNA base pairs apart, which can lead to insertions or deletions
Indicate whether the statement is true or false.
You and a friend are student assistants in a research laboratory that investigates the anticancer properties of proteins isolated from marine organisms. Your friend mentions that she is using a BAC vector to insert shark DNA into Escherichia coli, but after repeated attempts, has found that the bacterial cells fail to synthesize the encoded protein. What is your advice?
A. If the shark DNA is unmodified, it contains introns that are not recognized by bacteria, therefore protein synthesis will not occur. B. Because Escherichia coli is not naturally competent, it cannot serve as the cloning host for foreign DNA. C. Since shark DNA is eukaryotic, the cloning vector should be a YAC derived from yeast rather than a BAC derived from bacteria. D. It is impossible to clone eukaryotic DNA into a bacterial host, since eukaryotic DNA has introns and prokaryotic DNA does not.
Based on their experiment with T2 bacteriophages, Hershey and Chase concluded that
A. virulent bacteria can transform nonvirulent bacteria. B. the phage coat contains the genetic material. C. DNA replication is semiconservative. D. A always pairs with T and G always pairs with C. E. DNA functions as the genetic material.