The nurse evaluating the laboratory studies of a 46-year-old client would recognize that the laboratory report most suggestive of the presence of diabetes mellitus is
a. a glucose tolerance test that takes 2 hours to return to normal.
b. fasting blood glucose level of 151 mg/dl.
c. high urine ketone levels with +2 glycosuria.
d. random ("casual") blood glucose level of 80 mg.
B
A fasting blood glucose level greater than 126 mg/dl is diagnostic of diabetes. "Fasting" is de-fined as no caloric intake for at least 8 hours. A glucose tolerance test that returns to normal in 2 hours is a normal finding. The presence of ketones in the urine does indicate that the body is us-ing fat for energy, but this could be from several causes. Urine glucose testing is not reliable. A casual blood glucose test should be less than 200 mg/dl.
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