The instrumentation of this seven-piece musical ensemble represents some of the most important instruments in traditional Arab music. Name, briefly describe, and classify the instruments that the performers in the ensemble are playing. See also Figure 10.1, The Takht Ensemble, which illustrates the performers and their instruments
What will be an ideal response?
• Two performers are playing the ‘ud, a short-neck, pear-shaped fretless lute
• One performer plays each of the following instruments:
• the buzuq, a long-necked lute with 24 movable frets
• the violin, identical to the Western violin, but with the highest two strings tuned down a whole step; a chordophone
• the nay, a reed flute that is blown at an angle
• the qanun, a zither with 75 strings with small tuning levers that permits retuning during performance
• the riqq, the Arab tambourine, also known as the daff
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