Which of the following types of rewards has been shown not to increase performance?
a. Financial
b. Non-financial
c. Social
d. All three can increase performance
d
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Olga goes along with her brother Joe to his gymnastics class and watches closely while he works on the balance beam. One day, Olga's Mom finds her out in the back yard, with a board spread across two big boxes, doing some of the same maneuvers that she has seen Joe do in class. This is an example of
a. observational learning. b. operant conditioning. c. passivity. d. formal operations.
In humans, prenatal hormone levels:
A) alter physical characteristics, but not postnatal behavior. B) alter postnatal behavior, but not physical characteristics. C) alter both physical characteristics and postnatal behaviors. D) alter neither physical characteristics nor postnatal behaviors.
One consequence of living by the Golden Rule, "Do unto others as you would have them do unto you," is that if you help those in need, they might return the favor someday. This idea is best represented by
a. the norm of obedience. b. the norm of reciprocity. c. informational social influence. d. normative social influence.
The use of justifications, or excuses, for unacceptable behavior is a form of self-deception called __________.
A. projection B. sublimation C. reaction formation D. rationalization