A woman is being discharged from a birthing center 24 hours after delivery. As part of the discharge instructions, what instructions should the nurse give her about phenylketonuria (PKU)?
a. A blood sample must be taken from the infant by 2 years of age to test for PKU.
b. Blood samples taken within 48 hours of birth provide the most reliable PKU testing.
c. The infant with PKU requires a special diet that is high in phenylalanine to replace that lost in the urine.
d. The infant should be tested for PKU between 48 and 72 hours after birth.
ANS: D
To prevent brain damage, treatment must be started within a few weeks of birth. Blood tests should be obtained after 48 to 72 hours of life, preferably after ingestion of protein. When infants are discharged before then, a test may be done but should be repeated within 3 weeks. Infants with PKU cannot properly metabolize phenylalanine, so it must be restricted in the diet.
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