Match the following items with the correct phrases.

_______1. The complete destruction of all living organisms, including cells, spores, and viruses.
_______2. The use of antiseptics is an example of a __________ technique.
_______3. Autoclaving for 15 to 20 minutes at 15 psi and 121°C is one method of accomplishing this.
_______4. The destruction or removal of pathogens by physical or chemical methods.
_______5. Heating to 60°C for 30 minutes is one method of accomplishing this; sufficient to kill pathogens and reduce total bacterial counts.
_______6. Heating in a 160°C oven for 2 hours would accomplish this.
_______7. The reduction of microbial populations to levels considered safe by public health standards.


a disinfection
b. pasteurization
c. sanitization
d. sterilization


1. d. sterilization
2. a disinfection
3. d. sterilization
4. a disinfection
5. b. pasteurization
6. d. sterilization
7. c. sanitization

Biology & Microbiology

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Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

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