The pressure, flow, and volume waveforms illustrated here represent pressure-control, continuous mechanical ventilation (PC-CMV) for an adult patient. Determine which variable is responsible for triggering inspiration
A. time
B. pressure
C. volume
D. flow
?ANS: A
A. Correct response: Inspiration is triggered by time on this set of waveforms. Had pressure been the trigger, the pressure tracing would have deflected below the baseline just before the start of inspiration, indicating that the patient exerted an inspiratory effort. Similarly, if flow were the trigger variable, a negative deflection would have been present on the flow waveform immediately before inspiration.
B. Incorrect response: Pressure is not the trigger because the pressure waveform remains at the baseline. If pressure were the trigger, the patient's effort would have caused the tracing to dip below the pressure baseline immediately before inspiration.
C. Incorrect response: Volume is not the trigger variable because adult ventilators.
D. Incorrect response: Flow is not the trigger variable because no continuous flow exists in this system. Continuous flow through the system would be characterized by a flow waveform with an elevated baseline. The flow waveform in this situation starts at zero flow.
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