According to Kohlberg's model of moral development, people at the _____ make decisions that are based on selfish reasons.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
preconventional level
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Ethical standards permit deception in research studies if
A) the participants are young enough that they would not understand the deception. B) the benefits to society justify the risks to the participants. C) researchers can observe participants from behind one-way mirrors. D) the participants give informed consent and the researchers never reveal the real purpose of the study.
In 2002, baseball pitcher Randy Johnson began wearing a
particular metal-impregnated twisted rope necklace designed to "stabilize the electricity flow through the body." He claimed that it improved his pitching and his batting. By the 2010 World Series, hundreds of players were wearing one, all without any scientific explanation of, or evidence for, this rope necklace's efficacy. They bought this necklace a. due to a single example. b. due to a causal correlation. c. because they failed to distinguish observation from inference. d. due to the performance of the control group.
Distraction-conflict theory and the drive theory of social facilitation are examples of the ________
A) learning theoretic perspective B) evolutionary perspective C) psychoanalytic perspective D) socio-biological perspective E) cognitive perspective
The extent to which tests can be used to specify treatment approaches or measure treatment outcomes is referred to as
a. treatment or clinical utility. b. external or criterion validity. c. clinical efficacy. d. psychotherapy/assessment integration.