The most common cause of tricuspid regurgitation is:
A. Left ventricular hypertrophy
B. Left atrial enlargement
C. Aortic stenosis
D. Pulmonary hypertension
ANS: D
The murmur of tricuspid regurgitation is heard best at the left sternal border and may radiate to the right of the sternum. It is pansystolic, high pitched, and blowing and increases with respiration. Tricuspid regurgitation may be associated with right ventricular hypertrophy resulting in a right parasternal lift. When right ventricular failure occurs, jugular venous distention occurs with a prominent v wave, and liver enlargement may be present. There may be secondary right atrial enlargement owing to backflow into the right atrium. The most common initiator is pulmonary HTN.
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