A pleural friction rub is often described as
a. crowing. c. creaking or grating.
b. crackling or popping. d. musical.
C
A pleural friction rub can be heard both on inspiration and expiration. It is continuous and described as creaking or grating. It is caused by inflamed parietal and visceral pleura in conditions such as pleurisy, tuberculosis, pulmonary infarction, pneumonia, and lung abscesses. Stridor sounds like crowing and is heard on inspiration. A fine crackle (rale) is heard predominantly on inspiration and sounds like dry, high-pitched crackling or popping. A sibilant wheeze is an adventitious breath sound that is heard predominantly on expiration and sounds high pitched and musical.
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