To evaluate pain, the following objective scales are used:
A. Visual analog scale (VAS)
B. Verbal rating scale (VRS)
C. McGill questionnaire
D. All of the above
ANS: D
There are many ways to measure severity of pain. The most commonly used are: the numerical rating scales (NRS), with which the patient rates the pain on an 11, 21, or 101 point range (0–10, 0–20, 0–100, for instance); the visual analog scale (VAS), with which the paitient notes a point corresponding to the degree of pain along a 10-centimeter scale with poles of no pain at all to worst possible pain; and verbal rating scales (VRS), with which patients are asked to use verbal descriptors such as no pain, mild pain, considerable pain, and most severe pain. There are a number of more detailed options, such as the Pain Faces Scale for pediatric patients and the McGill Pain Questionnaire, which includes sensory and emotional aspects of pain as well as a pain diagram.
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