What two camps do arguments about the meaning of public opinion fall into?
a. (1) The average citizen either doesn’t have or is unable to express meaningful opinion and (2) even though they may lack sufficient political information, citizens can find ways to work around their lack of information through friends, institutions, and partisanship.
b. (1) The average citizen possesses sufficient political information and (2) political information can be expressed and fluidly changed over time.
c. (1) Citizens seek to be educated about political information and (2) it is the responsibility of a democratic republic to educate and indoctrinate its citizens with political information.
d. (1) Citizens lack political knowledge and (2) the lack of political knowledge creates a barrier to effective government.
a. (1) The average citizen either doesn’t have or is unable to express meaningful opinion and (2) even though they may lack sufficient political information, citizens can find ways to work around their lack of information through friends, institutions, and partisanship.
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Minor political parties have never influenced the outcome of national elections in the United States
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
If the same people sometimes vote on the basis of their religion and sometimes vote on the basis of their wealth, it is an illustration of __________
a. additive cleavages b. cross-cutting cleavages c. polarizing cleavages e. reinforcing cleavages
Constitutionally, when does the presidential election occur in the United States?
A. on the second Tuesday in November B. after the second Monday in November C. on the Tuesday after the first Monday in November D. in the first week of November
Which statement describes the competing views of citizenship in the United States,as explained in the text?
a. One view places faith in the citizen’s ability to act virtuously; the other suggests citizens should live in a more direct democracy. b. One view holds that individual participation in government should be limited since human nature is overly self-interested; the other places faith in the citizen’s ability to act virtuously. c. One view holds that individual participation in government should be unlimited because human nature is virtuous; the other places faith only in a citizen’s role in the economy. d. One view holds that individual participation should be high in economics; the other holds that individual participation should be low in government.