A patient comes to the clinic and states that he has noticed that his skin is redder than normal. The nurse understands that this condition is due to hyperemia and knows that it can be caused by:

a. Decreased amounts of bilirubin in the blood
b. Excess blood in the underlying blood vessels
c. Decreased perfusion to the surrounding tissues
d. Excess blood in the dilated superficial capillaries


ANS: D
Erythema is an intense redness of the skin caused by excess blood (hyperemia) in the dilated superficial capillaries.

Nursing

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Which of the following is the best reason for a nurse to "think family" when providing care?

1. Less time will be required for effective care. 2. Outcomes important to the patient will likely be achieved. 3. Family satisfaction regarding care will be greater. 4. Nursing satisfaction with practice is more likely.

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A nurse caring for a patient with an external ventriculostomy notices that the CSF has changed from clear to pink-tinged. What condition might this signify?

A) Embolus B) Edema C) Catheter displacement D) Bleeding in the ventricles

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What contributes to the closing of local community hospitals that enjoy an excellent reputation and are loved by their communities? Select all that apply

A. A health care provider leaving the community may result in an inadequate number of providers to staff the hospital. B. Clinics and home care are so effective that there is no need for the hospital to continue. C. Large care networks have purchased the hospital but found it unprofitable. D. Most residents prefer the superb specialized services available in the large city nearby. E. It is too expensive for the hospital to meet the new magnet hospital standards. F. Too many nurses demanded a salary equal to their responsibilities.

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Which statement is accurate concerning drugs classified as adrenergic antagonists?

1. They are also known as anticholinergics. 2. Their actions will block the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. 3. Their actions are the opposite of those of sympathomimetics. 4. They will stimulate the sympathetic nervous system.

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