In reviewing genetic testing for a female client, you note the presence of BRCA1, BRCA2, and CHEK2. How should these findings be interpreted?
a. There is no increased likelihood that the client will develop breast or ovarian cancer.
b. There is an increased likelihood only for the development of breast cancer in a woman.
c. More information is needed to interpret these findings based on the client's family history and the client's current and past medical history.
d. A radical bilateral mastectomy is required immediately because the cancer may have already undergone sub-metastasis.
ANS: C
The presence of genetic markers (BRCA1, BRCA2, and CHEK2) provides strong indicators of the increased risk for the development of breast cancer in males and females and ovarian cancer. It is important to obtain additional information so that a treatment plan can be developed and implemented to improve client outcomes. There is an increased likelihood that the client will develop breast or ovarian cancer, but stating that there is an increased likelihood only for the development of breast cancer in a woman fails to include that men are also at risk of developing breast cancer. At this point, surgical intervention is speculative because the presence of biomarkers does not indicate that sub-metastasis has occurred or that the cancer has even developed.
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