A need for affiliation is a need to ________
a. be with other people
b. belong to a group or organization
c. be married or belong to a family
d. be associated with a large corporation
Answer: a
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Which of these is an important criticism of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory? a. Children have different motivations from adults
b. Much of behavior depends on both drives and incentives. c. Higher-level needs sometimes take priority. d. A motivation can be stronger at one time and weaker at another.
According to Freud, which of the following directs behavior by relating the desires of the id to external reality?
a. ideal self b. superego c. ego d. libido
Miller and Weiss asked seven-, 10-, and 13-year-olds to remember the locations of animals hidden behind flaps. Telling the children to pay attention to the animals and to ignore other objects behind each flap
a. was equally helpful to all three age groups. b. was helpful only for the youngest group; the 10- and 13-year-olds did well, whether told what to ignore or not. c. was not helpful for any of the age groups; even at 13 years of age, children have difficulty ignoring irrelevant information. d. was most helpful for the 13-year-olds; younger children tended to have difficulty ignoring irrelevant information, even when instructed to.
Research on the Flynn effect indicates that
A) IQ gains between generations are probably due to easier test items. B) IQ gains between generations present a major challenge to the assumption that ethnic variations in IQ are mostly genetic. C) this phenomenon is not evident in developing nations. D) the black–white gap in IQ is larger than the generational gain in fluid intelligence.