Explain how analyzers are used in fired heaters, cooling towers, boilers, and a stirred reactor.
What will be an ideal response?
Analyzers are devices that are designed to detect the concentration of a specific component or element. For example an O2 analyzer is designed to detect how much oxygen is present in the flue gases of a furnace or boiler. Another important component measured in the flue gases is carbon monoxide CO, a lethal gas. A conductivity meter was used to detect the percentage of suspended solids in the water basin of a cooling tower. A butane analyzer can be installed in a process stream that contains butane, pentane, liquid catalyst, and toluene. In this situation the analyzer will indicate the concentration of butane in relation to the other components. Analyzers are precision instruments that are installed and maintained by theinstrumentation department.
Analytical variables are identified as compositional items like acid/base pH, or parts-per-million “PPM”. PPM is related to conductivity, a phenomena where suspended solids conduct an electric current better than a pure liquid with few suspended solids. On the pH scale, a reading of 7 is considered to be neutral. Anything below 7.0 is considered to be an acid while any reading above 7.0 is referred to as a base or caustic. These measurements are critical inside systems like heat exchangers and cooling towers.
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