Today, astronomers can detect and measure stellar parallax for thousands of the nearest stars, providing us with direct evidence that Earth really does orbit the Sun. Moreover, as the Parallax Angle animation shows (return to the main "Parallax" screen, and select the "Parallax and Distance" button), these measurements allow us to calculate distances to these relatively nearby stars. If we hope to use parallax to measure distances to even more-distant stars, which of the following telescopes would be most useful?
A. A telescope placed on the same orbit of the Sun as Earth, but on the opposite side of the Sun
B. A larger version of the Hubble Space Telescope, placed in Earth orbit
C. An extremely large telescope built at the best observing site on Earth
D. A telescope that orbits the Sun in the outer solar system
Ans: D. A telescope that orbits the Sun in the outer solar system
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The age of the universe can be estimated or constrained from
a. the age of the oldest objects such as globular clusters b. the distances of galaxies beyond our Local Group of galaxies c. the rate of recession of the galaxies beyond Local Group d. All of the above
The _________ coincides with the period known as the "little ice age" of Europe and North America. This provides one piece of evidence that suggests a link between solar activity and the amount of solar energy Earth receives
a. Maunder sunspot minimum b. Babcock sunspot model c. coronal hole d. Coulomb barrier e. weak solar force
How much energy is radiated each second by one square meter of a star whose temperature is 10,000 K? Note: ? in the Stefan-Boltzmann law is equal to 
.
a.
5.67 × 1012 J
b.
5.67 × 108 J
c.
5.67 × 104 J
d.
300 nm
e.
300,000,000 nm
A car of mass 1689 kg collides head-on with a parked truck of mass 2000 kg. Spring mounted bumpers ensure that the collision is essentially elastic
If the velocity of the truck is 17 km/h (in the same direction as the car's initial velocity) after the collision, what was the initial speed of the car? A) 19 km/h B) 38 km/h C) 29 km/h D) 10 km/h