When 10,000 molecules of ATP are hydrolyzed to ADP and i in a test tube, about half as much heat is liberated as when a cell hydrolyzes the same amount of ATP. Which of the following is the best explanation for this observation?
A) Cells are open systems, but a test tube is an isolated system.
B) Cells are less efficient at heat production than nonliving systems.
C) The reaction in cells must be catalyzed by enzymes, but the reaction in a test tube does not need enzymes.
D) Reactant and product concentrations in the test tube are different from those in the cell.
D
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Which of the following correctly lists a germ layer with the adult tissues it forms? (Select all correct choices.)
A. ectoderm: outer layer of the skin, bone, posterior pituitary gland B. mesoderm: muscle, bone, pancreas C. endoderm: lining of the respiratory and digestive tracts, liver D. ectoderm: nervous system, cornea and lens of the eye, kidney E. mesoderm: bone, connective tissue, liver
Viruses and bacteria are both based on the unit of a cell
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.
A child is born with a rare disease in which mitochondria are missing from certain skeletal muscle cells. Physicians find that the muscle cells function. Not surprisingly, they also find that ________
A) the muscles contain large amounts of lactic acid following even mild physical exercise B) the muscles contain large amounts of carbon dioxide following even mild physical exercise C) the muscles require extremely high levels of oxygen to function D) the muscle cells cannot split glucose to pyruvic acid
The phylogentic tree is most consistent with which of the following hypotheses:
a. The same types of anole lizards evolved independently on each of the islands b. Each lizard type evolved once on one of the islands and then migraded to the other islands where it evolved into different species c. "Each lizard type evolved on the mainland and was brought to each of the islands, where it evolved into different species" d. All species of lizards appeared at exactly the same time on