The nurse is analyzing an arterial blood gas of pH, 7.30; PCO2, 50; and HCO3, 29. What result should the nurse document for this blood gas?
a. Fully compensated respiratory acidosis
b. Partially compensated respiratory acidosis
c. Fully compensated metabolic acidosis
d. Partially compensated metabolic acidosis
ANS: B
When the fundamental acid–base ratio is altered for any reason, the body attempts to correct the deviation. In a simple disturbance, a single primary factor affects one component of the acid–base pair and is usually accompanied by a compensatory or secondary change in the component that is not primarily affected. In respiratory acidosis, the pH is low (?6?7.35), and the PCO2 is high (?7?45). When the pH is restored to normal, the disturbance is described as compensated. It is partially compensated because the pH remains abnormal, but the HCO3 is high (?7?26), indicating an attempt at compensation.
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