Explain the issues involved in the vertical growth of criminal codes
What will be an ideal response?
The broad criminalization of conduct means many more lives are impacted by the criminal justice system and the collateral consequences of conviction. Some individuals are swept unexpectedly into the criminal justice system unaware that their conduct is now considered worthy of a criminal charge. When the criminal justice system is used to regulate offensive behavior, we employ a system that is enormously expensive and slow. Police, prosecutors, jailers, defenders, judges, and corrections officials all must deal with an offense. Cases often take months or years to work through the system. By the time a criminal charge is resolved, the penalty is often no longer as meaningful to the people involved. Over-criminalization may also undermine deterrence.
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Which of the following provides an explanation for how people learn to commit crime from those around them?
a. differential association theory b. labeling theory c. social bonding theory d. self-control theory
______ is a voluntary process in which community members and officers sit down in a neutral and confidential setting facilitated by a professional to discuss their differences.
a. Mediation b. Performance evaluations c. Counseling d. Interrogation
________ power gives officers the formal authority to command.
A. Coercive B. Legitimate C. Reward D. Expert
Majors, captains, and correctional officers charged primarily with maintaining order and security in a prison are called ________ staff.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).