Which of the following is false with regard to research conducted on labeling theory?

a. Drug use is a way to fit into a group and is not a way of asserting one’s individuality.
b. Although negative labels can alienate people from society, they can also open up opportunities for subcultural participation.
c. Physiological effects of drug use are mediated by individual perception, social expectations, and norms.
d. Recent research has suggested that labels are associated with structural disadvantage.
e. It has traditionally been qualitative rather than quantitative.


a. Drug use is a way to fit into a group and is not a way of asserting one’s individuality.

Criminal Justice

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One legal scholar has used the term __________ plea bargaining to refer tosome strange concessions defendants agree to make as part of theprosecutor's decision to secure a guilty plea

a. Ad hoc b. Sentencing c. Extreme d. Extraordinary

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Answer the following statement(s) true (T) or false (F)

1. Delinquent subcultures arise in response to the special problems that people face. 2. According to Agnew, if Jim is under strain, he will always engage in some crime. 3. According to Messner and Rosenfeld, the American Dream is central in understanding deviance. 4. There appears to be evidence that crime rates are lower in societies in which the vitality and support for noneconomic institutions are more pronounced. 5. MFY was met with much opposition.

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________, a radical fundamentalist organization, came to prominence as the foremost opponent of the Oslo peace accords. Its primary modus operandi is suicide bombings against civilian targets.

What will be an ideal response?

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A formal intelligence-sharing initiative that identified security and intelligence-sharing needs in the wake of the 9/11 terrorist attacks is the ___________

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

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